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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

50.2K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
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Golgi Apparatus01:49

Golgi Apparatus

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As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.
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Golgi Apparatus01:09

Golgi Apparatus

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Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination.
The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

20.6K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

17.7K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications
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Integration of Miniaturized Solid Phase Extraction and LC-MS/MS Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Urine for Clinical Applications

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Solid Phase Microextraction: Apparatus, Sorbent Materials, and Application.

Muhammad Sajid1, Mazen Khaled Nazal1, Małgorzata Rutkowska2

  • 1a Center for Environment and Water , Research Institute King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals , Dhahran , Saudi Arabia.

Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|December 25, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review highlights advancements in solid phase microextraction (SPME), covering new types, materials, and direct coupling with mass spectrometry (MS). It offers a clear overview of research footprints in SPME technology.

Keywords:
Biocompatible coatingsSPMEchromatographic analysissample preparationsolid phase microextractionthin film microextraction

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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
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Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) is a widely used technique for sample preparation.
  • Numerous reviews exist, but a consolidated overview of recent advancements is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a concise yet comprehensive overview of SPME advancements.
  • To highlight key developments in SPME technology and applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on recent research in SPME.
  • Critical discussion of advancements in SPME types, coatings, and coupling techniques.

Main Results:

  • SPME technology has seen significant progress in device design and coating materials.
  • In vivo sampling and direct coupling with Mass Spectrometry (MS) are key emerging areas.

Conclusions:

  • SPME continues to evolve with innovative strategies and applications.
  • Further research in advanced SPME techniques promises enhanced analytical capabilities.