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Neutral Charged Immunosensor Platform for Protein-based Biomarker Analysis with Enhanced Sensitivity.

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    A novel neutral charged immunosensor (NCI) enables sensitive, noninvasive detection of protein biomarkers. This platform quantifies analytes using electrostatic charges, offering potential for point-of-care diagnostics.

    Keywords:
    electrochemistryelectrostatic charge interactionpoint-of-careuniversal antigen detection methoduniversal biosensor

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Biosensing Technology

    Background:

    • Protein biomarkers are crucial for disease diagnosis.
    • Existing detection methods often lack sensitivity or require complex procedures.
    • A universal, sensitive platform for protein detection is needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a noninvasive, highly sensitive universal immunosensor platform for protein biomarker detection.
    • To utilize electrostatic charges for analyte quantification in a neutral charged sensing environment.
    • To demonstrate the platform's capability for detecting both positive and negative charged analytes.

    Main Methods:

    • Constructed a neutral charged immunosensor (NCI) using antibodies and oppositely charged amino acids.
    • Utilized pH adjustment to create a neutral charged sensing environment.
    • Quantified circulating protein markers based on their intrinsic electrostatic charges.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a wide dynamic range covering the picomole level for protein quantification.
    • Demonstrated detection of both negatively and positively charged analytes.
    • Detected HE4 antigen at 2.5 pM and Tau antigen at 0.968 pM, showcasing high sensitivity.
    • Exhibited a simple fabrication process (<2 h) and rapid testing turnaround time (<30 min).

    Conclusions:

    • The NCI platform offers a sensitive and versatile method for protein biomarker detection.
    • Its noninvasive nature, high sensitivity, and rapid results indicate strong potential for clinical point-of-care applications.
    • The ability to detect analytes with varying charges broadens its applicability in diagnostics.