Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 31, 2026
09:13
Development of a Larval Zebrafish Infection Model for Clostridioides difficile
Published on: February 14, 2020
6.8K
Relationship between remote cholecystectomy and incident Clostridioides difficile infection
Y Wang1, J Li1, P Zachariah2
1Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Summary
Cholecystectomy (CCY) does not protect against Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). This study found no link between prior CCY and reduced CDI risk, despite CCY altering bile acid levels.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Infectious Diseases
- Surgical Outcomes
Background:
- Cholecystectomy (CCY) is known to increase fecal secondary bile acids.
- Secondary bile acids have demonstrated protective effects against Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in animal models.
- The potential protective role of CCY against CDI in humans remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that cholecystectomy (CCY) protects against Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI).
- To determine if CCY confers protection by increasing secondary bile acid levels in the gut.
- To analyze the association between remote CCY and the risk of developing CDI.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case-control study including adults hospitalized between January 2010 and June 2017.
- CDI cases were matched 1:1:1 with controls (negative CDI test and no CDI test) based on age, sex, BMI, and antibiotic exposure.
- Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between CCY (at least 6 months prior) and CDI risk.
Main Results:
- The study included 7077 participants (2359 CDI cases, 2359 controls without CDI, 2359 controls not tested for CDI).
- Rates of remote CCY were similar across all three groups (14.4% vs. 15.5% vs. 14.2%).
- Adjusted analyses confirmed no significant association between remote CCY and CDI risk (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.76-1.06 vs. controls without CDI; OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.78-1.39 vs. controls not tested for CDI).
Conclusions:
- Remote cholecystectomy (CCY) is not associated with a reduced risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI).
- The findings do not support the hypothesis that CCY confers protection against CDI through alterations in bile acid metabolism.
- Further research may be needed to explore other factors influencing CDI risk post-cholecystectomy.
Keywords:
Bile acidsC. difficile infectionCholecystectomyClostridioides difficile infectionClostridium difficile infectionGut microbiomeSecondary bile acidsMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:08Prevalence and Incidence
1.8K
In statistical epidemiology and health sciences, two essential metrics—prevalence and incidence—are fundamental for understanding disease dynamics within a population. These measures enable public health officials, epidemiologists, and researchers to assess the burden of diseases, allocate resources effectively, and design impactful public health policies and interventions.
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
Prevalence indicates the proportion of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or health...
1.8K
02:12Relationship Formation
46.2K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
46.2K
01:28Ending Relationships
189
The dissolution of intimate relationships presents complex emotional and psychological challenges, particularly when emotional bonds are strong, the relationship is long-standing, and perceived alternatives are limited. This distress often intensifies in romantic breakups, where the initiator may experience greater turmoil than the rejected partner. Contributing factors include residual attachment, guilt over causing pain, and uncertainty about how to manage the situation. The stress is further...
189
01:21Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report
1.3K
An Incident or Occurrence Report in a healthcare setting is a crucial document used to record any unexpected occurrence that may or may not have affected a patient, employee, or visitor. Such reports are critical to improving patient safety and include all details leading up to and including the event.
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
1.3K
01:27Relationship Growth
218
Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...
218
01:30Social Relationships and Well-Being
311
The significance of social relationships in psychological well-being is a well-established area of inquiry within social psychology. Research consistently demonstrates that the presence of meaningful, supportive relationships enhances emotional health, while the absence or deterioration of such connections can contribute to psychological distress. Relationships serve as a foundation for emotional support, identity, and social belonging, all of which are critical to an individual’s overall...
311