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Anaphoric Reference to Quantified Expressions in Swedish
Fredrik Heinat1, Eva Klingvall2
1Department of Languages, Linnæus University, Växjö, Sweden. fredrik.heinat@lnu.se.
Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
|December 26, 2018
Summary
Swedish quantifying expressions (QEs) show unique anaphoric reference patterns. Negative QEs exclusively reference the complement set (COMPSET), unlike English and Spanish, with set size not being a factor.
Area of Science:
- Linguistics
- Psycholinguistics
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Anaphoric reference to quantifying expressions (QEs) varies cross-linguistically.
- English studies link QE polarity to anaphoric set reference (REFSET vs. COMPSET).
- Spanish studies suggest REFSET is default, with set size also influencing interpretation.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate anaphoric reference to Swedish QEs.
- Determine if QE polarity or set size dictates reference to REFSET or COMPSET.
- Compare Swedish patterns with English and Spanish findings.
Main Methods:
- Experiment 1: Semantic plausibility judgment task.
- Experiment 2: Set size estimation task.
- Analysis of anaphoric continuations for positive and negative QEs.
Main Results:
- Positive QEs exclusively referred to the REFSET.
- Negative QEs exclusively referred to the COMPSET.
- Set size of REFSET relative to COMPSET did not influence interpretation.
Conclusions:
- Swedish QEs exhibit a strict polarity-based anaphoric reference rule.
- Unlike English and Spanish, Swedish categorically excludes REFSET reference for negative QEs.
- Findings contribute to understanding cross-linguistic variation in QE anaphora.
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