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[Neurodevelopment of children born very preterm with extremely low and very low body weight]

N N Zavadenko1, L A Davydova1, A N Zavadenko1

  • 1Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics Department of the Pediatric Faculty, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Zhurnal Nevrologii I Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova
|December 27, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children born very preterm with extremely low body weight (ELBW) and very low body weight (VLBW) show developmental delays. Early diagnosis and individualized support are crucial for improving neurodevelopmental outcomes in these vulnerable children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Premature birth and low birth weight are associated with increased risks of neurodevelopmental impairments.
  • Understanding the specific developmental trajectories of children born extremely low body weight (ELBW) and very low body weight (VLBW) is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the neurodevelopmental characteristics of children born very preterm with ELBW and VLBW at 5-8 years of age.
  • To compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes of ELBW and VLBW preterm infants with a healthy control group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 72 children (5-8 years) born preterm with ELBW (n=36) or VLBW (n=36) were assessed.
  • A control group of 30 healthy children was included for comparison.
  • The Griffiths Mental Development Scales, Extended Revised (GMDS-ER 2-8) were used to assess neurodevelopment.

Main Results:

  • Children born ELBW exhibited significantly lower general quotient (GQ) scores compared to controls (p=0.036).
  • A similar trend was observed in VLBW children, with lower scores on all six GMDS-ER scales, significantly on 'Performance' and 'Practical reasoning'.
  • Boys born ELBW and VLBW showed specific deficits in 'Locomotor', 'Language', and 'Eye and hand co-ordination' scales, while ELBW girls had lower 'Performance' scores.

Conclusions:

  • Children born very preterm with ELBW and VLBW experience neurodevelopmental delays.
  • Early identification and tailored medical, psychological, and pedagogical support are essential for optimizing outcomes.
  • Individualized therapeutic strategies are key to addressing the diverse needs of these children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Griffiths Mental Development Scalesextremely low birth weightneurodevelopmental disorderspremature infants

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