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Cardiac Manifestations in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: An Overview
Divya Jayakumar1, Rui Zhang, Amy Wasserman
1From the Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, New York Medical College/Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.
Cardiology in Review
|December 27, 2018
Summary
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, like polymyositis and dermatomyositis, can cause serious heart issues. Early detection and management of cardiovascular risks are vital for patient survival.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are autoimmune diseases causing muscle inflammation.
- Key IIMs include polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), inclusion body myositis (IBM), and necrotizing autoimmune myopathy (NAM).
- Extramuscular symptoms can affect skin, joints, heart, lungs, and GI tract.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical aspects of cardiovascular complications in IIMs.
- To focus on cardiovascular involvement in polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
- To highlight the importance of surveillance and prevention of cardiovascular risk factors in IIM patients.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on IIMs and cardiovascular complications.
- Analysis of epidemiological data, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches.
- Evaluation of management strategies for cardiac issues in PM and DM.
Main Results:
- Cardiovascular involvement is a major cause of mortality in polymyositis and dermatomyositis.
- Early identification and management of cardiovascular risk factors are crucial.
- Comprehensive understanding of IIMs' cardiac impact is essential for improved patient outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Cardiovascular complications significantly impact morbidity and mortality in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, particularly PM and DM.
- Proactive surveillance and management of cardiac risk factors are imperative.
- Further research into the specific mechanisms and tailored treatments for cardiovascular involvement in IIMs is warranted.
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