An optimized Mamdani FPD controller design of cardiac pacemaker

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Control Systems Engineering
• Medical Devices

Background:

• Cardiac pacemakers are crucial implantable medical devices for managing heart rhythm disorders.
• Developing advanced pacemaker stimulation techniques is vital for patient survival and improved healthcare.
• Existing control algorithms for pacemakers present opportunities for enhanced precision and patient-specific adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and evaluate a new Mamdani fuzzy proportional-derivative (FPD) controller for cardiac pacemakers.
• To precisely regulate and recover normal heart rate (HR) by mimicking Sinoatrial node pulses.
• To optimize controller gains using an optimization technique for superior performance.

Main Methods:

• Design of a Mamdani fuzzy proportional-derivative (FPD) controller integrating fuzzy logic with PID control.
• Simulation of the FPD controller using Matlab/Simulink on a patient heart chamber model.
• Optimization of controller gains to achieve precise HR regulation.

Main Results:

• The proposed FPD controller demonstrated superior performance in achieving optimal HR adaptation compared to PID, fuzzy, and fuzzy PID controllers.
• The controller achieved a rapid rise time of 0.5s and settling time of 2s.
• The system exhibited a very small error of 0.5% with minimal overshooting of 0.4%.

Conclusions:

• The Mamdani fuzzy proportional-derivative (FPD) controller offers a precise and effective solution for cardiac pacemaker HR regulation.
• The optimized FPD controller successfully adapts HR to physiological needs, enhancing patient care.
• This advanced control strategy represents a significant improvement over conventional methods for pacemaker applications.