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Anaphylaxis admissions in pediatric intensive care units: Follow-up and risk of recurrence

Guillaume Pouessel1,2, Valentine Cerbelle2, Stephanie Lejeune2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Roubaix, France.

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|December 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Anaphylaxis recurrence is common in children, especially those with food allergies. Improved medical follow-up and emergency preparedness are crucial for managing recurrent allergic reactions in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Clinical Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on the risk of anaphylaxis recurrence in children.
  • Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction requiring prompt medical attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the rate of anaphylaxis recurrence in children previously hospitalized for anaphylaxis.
  • To evaluate medical follow-up and identify risk factors for recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A telephone survey was conducted with 166 children (≤18 years) hospitalized for anaphylaxis between 2003 and 2013.
  • Follow-up data was collected on subsequent allergic reactions, triggers, and medical management.

Main Results:

  • Of 106 children surveyed, 36% experienced 399 new allergic reactions, including 19 anaphylaxis events.
  • Food was the trigger in 79% of recurrent anaphylaxis cases. Patients with recurrence had higher rates of food allergy, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.
  • Only 1.5% of recurrent reactions were treated with adrenaline, and 8% resulted in emergency hospital admission.

Conclusions:

  • Anaphylaxis recurrence is significantly higher in children with food allergies compared to drug allergies.
  • Allergic comorbidities like asthma and atopic dermatitis increase the risk of anaphylaxis recurrence.
  • There is a critical need to improve medical follow-up, emergency preparedness, and access to epinephrine auto-injectors for at-risk children.
Abstract

Keywords:
anaphylaxischilddrugfood allergyintensive care unitmortality

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