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Related Concept Videos

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
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Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Transfecting and Nucleofecting Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

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From pluripotent stem cells to T cells.

Amélie Montel-Hagen1, Gay M Crooks2

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA.

Experimental Hematology
|December 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are now capable of generating mature, functional T cells. This breakthrough advances developmental hematopoiesis research and offers potential for universal T-cell immunotherapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Immunology
  • Developmental biology

Background:

  • Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a pathway for generating T cells, crucial for developmental hematopoiesis and immunotherapy.
  • Current methods partially recapitulate T-cell differentiation but face limitations in producing mature T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in generating T cells from PSCs.
  • To discuss the potential of PSC-derived T cells for immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Directing PSCs through mesodermal and hematopoietic stages.
  • Utilizing notch ligand-expressing stromal cells for T-cell lineage commitment.
  • Employing 3D artificial organoid models for T-cell maturation.
  • Engineering T-cell receptor (TCR) or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) for tumor antigen specificity.

Main Results:

  • Successful generation of T-lineage cells with tumor antigen specificity from PSCs.
  • Demonstration of mature, fully functional conventional T cells with diverse TCR repertoires using 3D organoid models.
  • Advancements enabling the production of off-the-shelf universal T-cell products via gene editing in PSCs.

Conclusions:

  • PSC-derived T cells represent a significant advancement in developmental hematopoiesis research.
  • The ability to generate mature, functional, and antigen-specific T cells from PSCs paves the way for novel T-cell immunotherapies.