Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

744
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
744
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

19.4K
Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
19.4K
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Bipolar Junction Transistor01:22

Bipolar Junction Transistor

1.5K
Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) are essential elements in electronic circuits, playing a crucial role in the functionality of amplifiers, memories, and microprocessors. These transistors can be designed as NPN or PNP based on their doping patterns. They consist of three layers: the emitter, base, and collector. The configuration of these layers and their respective doping levels—with N-type or P-type impurities—define the transistor's type and its operational...
1.5K
Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

14.7K
Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
14.7K
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

3.2K
After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

20-year pharmacological treatment trajectories in a cohort of patients with bipolar disorder.

Psychiatry research·2026
Same author

Adverse childhood experiences and risk of non-mental medical diseases in adulthood: an umbrella review.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Cognition Assessment in Virtual Reality (CAVIR)-Spanish Version: Validation of a Novel Virtual Reality Test for Daily-Life Cognitive Skills in Bipolar Disorder.

Bipolar disorders·2026
Same author

Transcranial Photobiomodulation Modulates Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Complex IV Activity in Anhedonic-Like Behavior.

Neurochemical research·2026
Same author

Resilience in Bipolar Disorder Compared to Clinical and Non-Clinical Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica·2025
Same author

Psychosocial functioning in older adults with bipolar disorder: Spanish validation of the Functioning Assessment Short Test for Older adults (FAST-O).

Journal of affective disorders·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.1K

Identifying cognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder: A cluster analysis.

Flávia Lima1, Francisco Diego Rabelo-da-Ponte1, Joana Bücker2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|December 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar disorder (BD) patients exhibit cognitive heterogeneity, with distinct subgroups identified: intact, selectively impaired, and globally impaired cognition. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive assessments combining objective and subjective measures.

Keywords:
Bipolar disorderCluster analysisCognitive heterogeneityFunctional outcomeNeurocognitionSubjective cognitive measure

More Related Videos

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
05:51

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia

Published on: June 15, 2011

26.4K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
04:33

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
09:14

Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: March 14, 2025

1.1K
A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia
05:51

A Strategy to Identify de Novo Mutations in Common Disorders such as Autism and Schizophrenia

Published on: June 15, 2011

26.4K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression
04:33

Author Spotlight: Unveiling the Connection Between Sleep Disorders and Cognitive Symptoms in Depression

Published on: April 26, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by significant heterogeneity in cognitive function among patients.
  • Previous research suggests the existence of distinct neurocognitive subgroups within the BD population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To replicate findings on cognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder.
  • To assess subjective cognitive difficulties and functional impairment within each identified cognitive cluster.

Main Methods:

  • Hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to identify neurocognitive subgroups based on a comprehensive neurocognitive battery.
  • Subjective cognitive complaints were measured using the Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment (COBRA).
  • Functional impairment was assessed using the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST).

Main Results:

  • Three distinct cognitive subgroups were identified: intact cognition (43.5%), selective cognitive impairment (33.3%), and global cognitive impairment (23.3%).
  • The intact cognition group demonstrated higher education and IQ, but also younger age at diagnosis and first hospitalization compared to the globally impaired group.
  • Significant differences in cognitive reserve, education, IQ, age at diagnosis, and age at first hospitalization were observed across the subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • The study supports a continuum of cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder, ranging from no impairment to severe impairment.
  • Individuals in the intact cognition group appear to have higher cognitive reserve but still report cognitive complaints and functional difficulties.
  • Comprehensive assessment of BD patients requires a combination of objective cognitive measures, subjective cognitive assessments, and functional outcome measures.