Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 31, 2026
10:51
A Possible Zebrafish Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease: Knockdown of wnt5a Causes Cysts in Zebrafish Kidneys
Published on: December 2, 2014
11.5K
Death From Stroke in End-Stage Kidney Disease
Nicole L De La Mata1, Philip Masson2, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman3
1From the Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Australia (N.L.D.L.M., P.J.K., A.C.W.).
Stroke
|December 29, 2018
Summary
People with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) face over three times the stroke mortality of the general population, especially younger individuals and women. While stroke deaths in ESKD patients have decreased, they remain elevated.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Epidemiology
Background:
- End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) significantly increases stroke risk.
- Understanding stroke mortality disparities is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare stroke mortality rates between ESKD patients and the general population.
- To identify demographic and temporal trends in stroke mortality within the ESKD cohort.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from incident ESKD patients in Australia (1980-2013) and New Zealand (1988-2012).
- Linked ESKD patient data with national death registers to determine the primary cause of death.
- Calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for stroke deaths, stratified by age, sex, and calendar year.
Main Results:
- Included 60,823 ESKD patients with 941 stroke deaths.
- ESKD patients exhibited over threefold higher stroke mortality (SMR 3.4; 95% CI 3.2-3.6) compared to the general population.
- Intracerebral hemorrhages showed the greatest excess mortality (SMR 5.2; 95% CI 4.5-5.9), with higher risks observed in younger patients and women.
Conclusions:
- ESKD patients experience substantially elevated stroke mortality, particularly women and younger individuals.
- Despite a decreasing trend, stroke mortality in ESKD patients remained double that of the general population by 2013.
- Improvements in stroke mortality over time suggest potential benefits from evolving medical management and awareness.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
728
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
728
01:24Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
650
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
650
01:28Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care
468
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
468
01:18Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management
392
Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
392
01:45Kidney Structure
75.2K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
75.2K
01:18Autophagic Cell Death
4.5K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
4.5K