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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Less-Invasive Technique for Non-stabilized Mandibular Fracture in Mouse Models
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Activity and morphologic changes in the mandible after mandibular osteotomy.

Danqing Huang1, Qing Wu1, Xiaokang Zhou1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|December 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Orthognathic surgery significantly accelerates bone remodeling, as evidenced by increased bone turnover markers and bone loss in both human and animal models. Bone mass and structure did not fully recover within eight weeks post-surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Orthodontics
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Orthognathic surgery is known to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement.
  • Accelerated tooth movement is associated with demineralized bone and enhanced bone remodeling.
  • This study investigates if orthognathic surgery itself triggers accelerated bone remodeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if orthognathic surgery induces accelerated bone remodeling.
  • To assess bone remodeling markers and structural changes following osteotomy.

Main Methods:

  • Human study: Measured serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) in 15 patients post-sagittal split ramus osteotomy.
  • Animal study: Examined 18 rabbits using microcomputed tomography and molecular analyses (real-time PCR, histology) to assess mandibular bone changes and cellular activity after osteotomy.

Main Results:

  • In patients, TRAP-5b increased 1-8 weeks post-op; BALP increased significantly at 2 weeks.
  • In rabbits, TRAP mRNA increased at 3 weeks, MMP-9 at 4-8 weeks, and BALP/BMP-2 mRNA at 4 weeks.
  • Mandibular bone loss observed from 1 week, peaking at 3 weeks, with incomplete recovery by 8 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • Osteotomy during orthognathic surgery initiates significant and active bone remodeling processes.
  • These findings confirm that surgical intervention drives accelerated bone remodeling.