Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

DNA Topoisomerases02:02

DNA Topoisomerases

35.5K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
35.5K
From DNA to Protein03:06

From DNA to Protein

22.4K
The flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA to protein is described by the central dogma, which states that genes specify the sequence of mRNAs, which in turn specify the sequence of amino acids making up all proteins. The decoding of one molecule to another is performed by specific proteins and RNAs. Because the information stored in DNA is so central to cellular function, it makes intuitive sense that the cell would make mRNA copies of this information for protein synthesis...
22.4K
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

59.3K
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
59.3K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

17.4K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.4K
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

728
Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...
728
DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

24.1K
DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
24.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A comparison of deep multiomics profiles across ethnicity, geography, and age.

Cell·2026
Same author

Global mitochondrial connectivity map reveals the landscape of yeast functional assemblies and conserved protein communities.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Membrane Proteome Remodeling in Female APP/PS1 Mice Following M1 Muscarinic Receptor Modulation Revealed by Peptidisc-Enabled DIA-MS.

Journal of proteome research·2026
Same author

Rhomboid protease GlpG regulates type 1 pili quality control and virulence in pathogenic E. coli.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Comparative Evaluation of Solid-phase and Membrane Mimetic Strategies in Membrane Proteome Coverage and Disease-State Analysis.

Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP·2025
Same author

CHCHD2 mutant mice link mitochondrial deficits to PD pathophysiology.

Science advances·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.8K

DNA methylation processes in atheosclerotic plaque.

Einari Aavik1, Mohan Babu1, Seppo Ylä-Herttuala2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627 (Neulaniementie 2), FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland.

Atherosclerosis
|December 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation changes, are crucial in cardiovascular disease (CVD) and atherosclerosis development. Understanding these epigenome alterations offers new therapeutic avenues for CVD.

Keywords:
AtherosclerosisCardiovascular diseaseDNA methylationDNMT1DNMT3ATET2

More Related Videos

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.5K
Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation
21:24

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Published on: January 2, 2009

24.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.8K
Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.5K
Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation
21:24

Methylated DNA Immunoprecipitation

Published on: January 2, 2009

24.2K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) involve complex molecular mechanisms, with genetic polymorphisms explaining limited risk.
  • Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, play a significant role in CVD pathophysiology.
  • Vascular cell senescence and dedifferentiation are implicated in arterial aging and atherogenesis, influenced by epigenetic changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings linking DNA methylation alterations to atherogenesis.
  • To highlight the role of epigenome modifications in CVD progression.
  • To identify potential new therapeutic strategies targeting epigenetic pathways in CVD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on epigenetics and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Analysis of studies investigating DNA methylation patterns in atherosclerosis.
  • Exploration of the interplay between gene-environment interactions and epigenome dynamics in CVD.

Main Results:

  • DNA hypomethylation is prevalent in atherosclerosis, though some genes show hypermethylation as the disease advances.
  • Epigenetic modifications actively reshape pathological processes in CVD, such as smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation and vascular cell senescence.
  • The temporal dynamics of DNA methylation changes in atherosclerosis remain understudied.

Conclusions:

  • Alterations in DNA methylation are significantly linked to atherogenesis.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms offer promising targets for novel CVD treatments.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the time-course and functional impact of DNA methylation changes in CVD.