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Two common pre-analytical issues in activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) testing were missed due to error codes. This case emphasizes careful interpretation of coagulation test results, especially with interfering factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Chemistry
  • Hematology
  • Laboratory Medicine

Background:

  • Routine coagulation testing, specifically activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), is crucial for diagnosing bleeding disorders.
  • Pre-analytical variables can significantly impact the accuracy of coagulation test results.

Observation:

  • A pediatric case presented with gastrointestinal bleeding and an initially reported prolonged aPTT (>300 seconds).
  • The prolonged aPTT result was flagged as 'no coagulation' and replaced with asterisks, initially suggesting hemophilia.
  • Subsequent testing using a different analytical principle revealed a normal aPTT.

Findings:

  • The initial prolonged aPTT was an artifact caused by concurrent sample interferences: hemolysis and lipemia.
  • These pre-analytical interferences were misinterpreted as a genuine coagulation defect due to overriding flag codes.
  • Normal levels of coagulation factors VIII and IX ruled out hemophilia.

Implications:

  • Highlights the critical need for awareness of multiple, potentially overriding, flag codes in laboratory diagnostics.
  • Emphasizes the importance of the post-analytical phase, requiring enhanced education for laboratory professionals.
  • Suggests a need for improved communication and collaboration between manufacturers and clinical laboratories to address such pre-analytical challenges.