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Perioperative Strategies for Surgical Site Infection Prevention.

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    Surgical site infections (SSIs) are common and costly. This article details causes and evidence-based strategies, like hand hygiene and skin antisepsis, for perioperative nurses to prevent SSIs and enhance patient safety.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Healthcare-associated infections
    • Nursing
    • Surgical Safety

    Background:

    • Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant challenge in healthcare, contributing to increased costs and patient risk.
    • Despite a decline in SSIs over the past decade, ongoing vigilance and effective prevention strategies are crucial for patient safety.
    • Perioperative nurses play a vital role in mitigating SSIs through the implementation of evidence-based practices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the multifactorial causes of surgical site infections (SSIs).
    • To discuss specific, actionable strategies for the prevention of SSIs.
    • To highlight the role of perioperative nurses in implementing SSIs prevention protocols.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of literature on causes and prevention of SSIs.
    • Analysis of modifiable and nonmodifiable patient factors contributing to SSIs.
    • Examination of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedural factors influencing SSIs.

    Main Results:

    • SSIs are linked to various patient-specific factors and procedural elements across the surgical continuum.
    • Evidence-based practices such as hand hygiene, preoperative skin antisepsis, and antimicrobial irrigation are key to SSI prevention.
    • Nurses can implement targeted strategies to reduce SSI incidence in their practice settings.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the diverse causes of SSIs is essential for effective prevention.
    • Perioperative nurses are instrumental in reducing SSIs through diligent application of best practices.
    • Continued focus on evidence-based interventions is necessary to further improve surgical patient safety and minimize SSIs.