Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Reducing Willow Wood Fuel Emission by Low Temperature Microwave Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization
Published on: May 19, 2019
Properties of hydrochars derived from swine manure by CaO assisted hydrothermal carbonization
Qianqian Lang1, Bo Zhang2, Zhengang Liu1
1Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Abstract:
The hydrochars derived from swine manure were prepared by CaO assisted hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), and their properties were investigated for the first time. The results showed that the pH and yield of the hydrochar were largely increased by CaO addition. HTC of swine manure increased the phosphorus (P) content in the hydrochar, and appropriately 100% of P as apatite-P was enriched in the hydrochar by CaO assisted HTC. Additionally, the CaO addition during HTC improved the porosity of the hydrochar. The FTIR analysis revealed that substantial functional groups were present on the surface of the hydrochar, indicating the facilitated exchange between the hydrochar and hydrophilic soil when the hydrochar was used for soil amendment. This study demonstrated that CaO assisted HTC was a novel strategy to quickly convert swine manure to the promising soil amendment especially for acidic soils.
Related Concept Videos
Physical Properties of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Among the carboxylic acid derivatives, the boiling points of acid chlorides and esters are very similar and are the lowest in the series. Acid anhydrides have slightly higher boiling...
The Carbon Cycle
Carbon Skeletons
Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
Measurement: Derived Units
Carbonation Shrinkage
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...

