[Energy intake as determinants of gestational weight gain in Chengdu]

To examine the relation between energy intake and its sources and gestational weight gain( GWG).

In this prospective cohort study, 585 healthy women with singleton pregnancy were selected in 2013. The 24-hour recalls was used to collect food intake at the first, second and last trimesters, and energy intake and percentages of energy from macronutrient were calculated. Weight measuring were administered at( 12 ± 1) th, ( 28 ± 1) th weeks' gestation and last week before delivery, and the GWG rate was calculated. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze therelationship between energy and GWG.

The mean energy intake for the first, second and last trimesters were 1718. 6 kcal/d, 2202. 9 kcal/d and 2313. 4 kcal/d, respectively, the average percentages of energy from carbohydrate were 62. 6%, 59. 5%and 59. 1%, respectively, the average percentages of energy from fat were 21. 8% 、23. 9% and 24. 3%, respectively, the average percentages of energy from protein were15. 6% 、16. 5% and 16. 7%, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that energy intake during pregnancy was positively correlated with GWG during pregnancy( P < 0. 05). The adjusted weight gain for each trimester was 37. 3 g/week( 95% CI 22. 8 to 51. 8, P < 0. 05), 16. 8 g/week( 95% CI 4. 8 to 28. 8, P < 0. 05), and 25. 8 g/week( 95% CI 10. 6 to 41. 1, P < 0. 05) higher in the highest( Q5) versus lowest( Q1)quintile of energy intake. The adjusted weight gain in last trimester was 19. 1 g/week higher( 95% CI 3. 1 to 35. 1, P < 0. 05) in the highest( Q5) versus lowest( Q1) quintile of percentages of energy from carbohydrate. The adjusted weight gain in last trimester was16. 2 g/week lower( 95% CI-3. 1 to-0. 9, P < 0. 05) in the highest( Q5) versus lowest( Q1) quintile of percentages of energy from fat.

A positive correlation is found between dietary energy intake and GWG. Percentages of energy from carbohydrate and fat in the last trimester have a significant effect on GWG.