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Related Concept Videos

Liver Histology01:27

Liver Histology

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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
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The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of  70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
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The liver is an important organ in vertebrates that plays an essential role in metabolism. It is also responsible for storing and redistributing nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins in the body. Additionally, the liver releases bile salts which are critical for digesting food and eliminating toxic metabolites from the body.
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The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes
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Mice with Chimeric Human Livers and Their Applications.

Donna N Douglas1, Norman M Kneteman2

  • 1Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Human liver chimeric mouse models, like SCID-uPA mice, fully support the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle in vivo. These models are crucial for studying HCV and developing new antiviral therapies and vaccines.

Keywords:
Animal modelsAntiviral therapyPathologyViral hepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle requires human liver cells.
  • Studying HCV in vivo has been challenging due to species-specific replication.
  • Human liver chimeric mouse models offer a viable in vivo system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development, validation, and application of the SCID-uPA mouse model for HCV research.
  • To highlight the utility of this model in studying the complete HCV life cycle.
  • To discuss the potential of these models for other liver diseases and vaccine development.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of immunodeficient mice (SCID-uPA) with livers repopulated by human hepatocytes.
  • In vivo recapitulation of the complete hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle.
  • Utilizing these models for antiviral intervention studies.

Main Results:

  • The SCID-uPA mouse model successfully supports the complete in vivo replication of HCV.
  • These models have been instrumental in advancing the understanding of HCV and developing antiviral treatments.
  • The SCID-uPA model is a robust system for HCV research.

Conclusions:

  • SCID-uPA human liver chimeric mice are essential for in vivo HCV studies.
  • These models facilitate the development of effective antiviral therapies and vaccine candidates for HCV eradication.
  • The models hold promise for investigating other liver-centric diseases and pathogens.