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Compound tribo-electrostatic separation for recycling mixed plastic waste.

Jia Li1, Zhenming Xu1

  • 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.

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|December 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a compound process to separate mixed plastic wastes like polypropylene and polystyrene. The method utilizes tribo-charging to differentiate plastic types, achieving significant separation efficiencies for recycling valuable components.

Keywords:
Electrostatic separationPlasticsTribo-electrostaticWEEE

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Mixed plastic waste poses significant environmental risks and reduces material value.
  • Effective separation techniques are crucial for enhancing the recyclability and reusability of plastic waste streams.
  • Current methods often struggle with complex mixtures of different plastic types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a compound process for separating mixed plastic wastes into pure components.
  • To investigate the triboelectric charging performance of different plastic granules.
  • To assess the efficiency of two proposed compound separation modes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized mixed plastic granules including polypropylene (PP), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), poly vinyl chloride (PVC), and polystyrene (PS).
  • Employed vibrating and cyclone tribo-chargers to determine the charge/mass ratio (CMR) differences between plastic types.
  • Implemented two compound separation modes: single-component separation (mode-1) and two-group separation (mode-2).

Main Results:

  • The cyclone tribo-charger achieved a maximum CMR gap of 8.37 nC/g, outperforming the vibrating tribo-charger (3.63 nC/g).
  • Mode-1 separation achieved an average efficiency (Es) of 72.44%.
  • Mode-2 separation yielded an average efficiency (Es) of 65.18%.

Conclusions:

  • Mixed plastic particles can be effectively separated by exploiting differences in their triboelectric series and CMR.
  • The proposed compound process offers a viable approach for upgrading the value of mixed plastic wastes.
  • This method contributes to reducing environmental risks associated with plastic pollution through enhanced recycling.