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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

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Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
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Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Related Experiment Video

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Design and Use of Multiplexed Chemostat Arrays
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Exosome beads array for multiplexed phenotyping in cancer.

Ricardo Jara-Acevedo1, Carmen Campos-Silva2, Mar Valés-Gómez2

  • 1ImmunoStep, SL, Edificio Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Avda. Coimbra s/n, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.

Journal of Proteomics
|December 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Exosomes, tiny vesicles in body fluids, show promise as non-invasive cancer biomarkers. Microsphere bead-based flow cytometry offers a reproducible method for detecting these exosomes, advancing liquid biopsy potential.

Keywords:
Bead-based arrayBiomarkerExosomeFlow cytometryLiquid biopsy

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from various cells, differing in biogenesis and content.
  • These EVs are recognized as potential biomarkers for diseases, particularly cancer, due to their presence in body fluids.
  • Exosomes hold significant potential for non-invasive liquid biopsy due to their stability and tumor cell-like content.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations in reproducible exosome detection for diagnostic purposes.
  • To explore the potential of microsphere bead-based flow cytometry for exosome analysis.
  • To facilitate the clinical application of exosome-based liquid biopsy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of exosome characteristics and their role in cancer.
  • Discussion of flow cytometry limitations for detecting small particles (<300 nm).
  • Proposal of microsphere bead-based flow cytometry assays for exosome detection.

Main Results:

  • Conventional flow cytometry struggles to detect exosomes due to their small size.
  • Microsphere bead-based assays can overcome the detection limitations of conventional flow cytometry.
  • Adequate marker selection is crucial for successful exosome detection using this method.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomes are promising non-invasive biomarkers for cancer detection via liquid biopsy.
  • Microsphere bead-based flow cytometry offers a reproducible approach for exosome analysis.
  • This technique could enable the routine clinical use of exosome-based liquid biopsies.