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Claudia Pasqualini1, Fanny Rialland2, Dominique Valteau-Couanet1

  • 1Département de cancérologie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, Gustave-Roussy.

Bulletin Du Cancer
|January 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise for pediatric cancers, offering new hope for young patients. Further research is needed to overcome challenges and expand its use in treating high-risk malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Cancer Immunotherapy
  • Tumor Immunology

Background:

  • Pediatric high-risk malignancies require novel therapeutic strategies to improve survival and reduce treatment-related side effects.
  • Immunotherapy has shown significant success in adult oncology and is emerging as a valuable approach in pediatric cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape and future perspectives of immunotherapies for pediatric malignancies.
  • To highlight the successes, challenges, and potential of immunotherapy in treating cancers in children and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical trial data on immunotherapies in pediatric oncology.
  • Analysis of specific immunotherapeutic agents and their efficacy in various pediatric cancers (e.g., neuroblastoma, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphomas).
Keywords:
AnticorpsCAR T-cellsCancerChildEnfantImmune checkpointImmunotherapyImmunothérapieInhibiteurs desMonoclonal antibodyimmunitairesinhibitorsmonoclonauxpoints de contrôle

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Main Results:

  • Immunotherapies like anti-GD2 antibodies, rituximab, immune checkpoint inhibitors, blinatumomab, and CAR-T CD19 cells have demonstrated benefits in specific pediatric malignancies.
  • Current successes are limited to a subset of patients and cancer types, indicating a need for broader application.
  • Combinatorial approaches involving different immunotherapies or combination with other anti-cancer treatments may offer synergistic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Immunotherapy holds significant potential for treating pediatric cancers, but challenges remain in optimizing treatment response evaluation, dosing, toxicity management, and understanding immune evasion strategies.
  • Future research should focus on combination therapies and addressing the unique challenges of pediatric cancer immunotherapy to improve outcomes for all young patients.