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Related Concept Videos

Cardiac Catheterization III: Left Heart Catheterization01:24

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Left heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the function and structure of the left side of the heart. It is generally performed to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions such as valve abnormalities, coronary artery disease, and congenital heart defects.Diagnostic and therapeutic purposesLeft heart catheterization serves various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Assessing coronary artery bypass grafts.Evaluating coronary artery disease in...
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Anatomy of the Heart01:27

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The human heart is made up of three layers of tissue that are surrounded by the pericardium, a membrane that protects and confines the heart. The outermost layer, closest to the pericardium, is the epicardium. The pericardial cavity separates the pericardium from the epicardium. Beneath the epicardium is the myocardium, the middle layer, and the endocardium, the innermost layer. There are four chambers of the heart: the right atrium, the right ventricle, the left atrium, and the left ventricle.
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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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The status of a reversible reaction is conveniently assessed by evaluating its reaction quotient (Q). For a reversible reaction described by m A + n B ⇌ x C + y D, the reaction quotient is derived directly from the stoichiometry of the balanced equation as
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Elements: Chemical Symbols and Isotopes02:31

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A chemical symbol is an abbreviation used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. The same symbol is used to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
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The human circulatory system consists of blood, blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, around the body, and back to the heart, and the heart itself, which acts as a central pump. The systemic circuit supplies blood to the whole body, the coronary circuit supplies blood to the heart, and the pulmonary circuit supplies blood flow between the heart and lungs.
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Robotic Left Hepatectomy using Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging for an Intrahepatic Complex Biliary Cyst
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Left Pleuropericardial Cyst.

M Nitu1, C Calarasu2, M Olteanu1

  • 1University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Pneumology Department.

Current Health Sciences Journal
|January 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mediastinal cysts, including pleuropericardial cysts, are benign masses often found incidentally. Conservative management with follow-up is appropriate for asymptomatic cases confirmed as benign.

Keywords:
Pleuropericardial cystcardiophrenic anglemediastinal tumor

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Area of Science:

  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Mediastinal cysts represent 7-18% of primary mediastinal tumors, typically benign and detected incidentally.
  • Pleuropericardial cysts are common in the left anterior/inferior mediastinum, affecting middle-aged females more frequently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of a pericardial cyst in the left cardiophrenic angle.
  • To discuss diagnostic and management strategies for mediastinal cysts.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 52-year-old female with a large pericardial cyst initially diagnosed as encysted pleurisy.
  • Ultrasound-guided exploratory thoracentesis performed, yielding cell-poor fluid.
  • Differential diagnosis pursued, with patient opting for conservative management over surgery.

Main Results:

  • A large pericardial cyst was identified in the left cardiophrenic angle.
  • Thoracentesis confirmed cystic fluid, and further investigations were conducted.
  • Patient chose conservative management due to asymptomatic presentation and benign findings.

Conclusions:

  • Pericardial cysts should be suspected in mediastinal cystic lesions.
  • Abnormal chest X-rays often lead to suspicion of pleuropericardial cysts.
  • Asymptomatic patients with CT-confirmed benign cysts may be managed conservatively with close follow-up.