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USAGE OF A RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR MALARIA IN CHILDREN

Céline Nguefeu Nkenfou1,2, Vestale Ngo Hell3, Nguefack-Tsague Georges4

  • 1Laboratory of Systems Biology, "Chantal Biya" International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management (CBIRC), Yaounde, Cameroon.

African Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The SD Bioline Malaria Antigen rapid diagnostic test (RDT) showed lower performance than WHO recommendations for diagnosing malaria in children. It is best used in resource-limited settings with clinical support.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Malaria remains a leading cause of mortality in children globally.
  • Accurate and rapid diagnosis is crucial for effective pediatric malaria management.
  • Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) require thorough pre-commercialization evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the SD Bioline Malaria Antigen P.f/Pan rapid test in children.
  • To compare RDT results against microscopy for malaria diagnosis in a pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on 249 children (6 months–15 years) presenting with fever.
  • Blood samples were tested using microscopy (thick blood smear) and the SD Bioline Malaria Antigen P.f/Pan RDT.
  • Data was collected between April and October 2014 at the "Chantal Biya" Foundation's Mother and Child Center.

Main Results:

  • Malaria prevalence was 30.9% by microscopy and 58.2% by RDT.
  • The RDT demonstrated a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 48.8%, positive predictive value of 39%, and negative predictive value of 81.6% compared to microscopy.
  • These performance metrics fall below the World Health Organization's recommended sensitivity threshold (>95%) for RDTs in children.

Conclusions:

  • The SD Bioline Malaria Antigen P.f/Pan test exhibits suboptimal performance for pediatric malaria diagnosis.
  • Its use is recommended primarily in peripheral health facilities with limited resources.
  • Clinical diagnosis should supplement RDT results in these settings to ensure accurate malaria management.
Abstract

Keywords:
Keyword: MalariaMicroscopyPerformanceRapid diagnostic testthick blood smear

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