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Evaluation of a culturally appropriate peer coaching program for smoking cessation
Veronica Barcelona de Mendoza1, Grace Damio2
1Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, Connecticut.
Public Health Nursing (Boston, Mass.)
|January 1, 2019
Summary
Peer coaching significantly increased smoking cessation rates in a high-risk Medicaid population. More coaching sessions correlated with higher success in quitting tobacco use.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Smoking remains a significant public health issue, particularly in high-risk populations such as those covered by Medicaid.
- Effective, accessible, and community-based smoking cessation interventions are crucial for reducing tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of a peer coaching program designed for smoking cessation.
- To evaluate the program's impact on a diverse, high-risk Medicaid population.
Main Methods:
- A pilot program utilized peer coaches employing motivational interviewing techniques.
- Interventions were delivered via face-to-face, telephone, and digital (text/email) encounters over six months.
- Participants (N=138) were recruited from a larger, state-administered smoking cessation initiative.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant increase in smoking cessation was observed, rising from 5.1% at enrollment to 18.5% at discharge (p=0.02).
- The number of peer coaching encounters was a significant predictor of successful smoking cessation among participants.
Conclusions:
- Community-based smoking cessation services delivered by peer coaches demonstrate effectiveness.
- This approach shows promise for engaging and supporting diverse, high-risk populations in their efforts to quit smoking.
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