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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
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Individual differences in long-term memory.

Nash Unsworth1

  • 1University of Oregon.

Psychological Bulletin
|January 1, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in long-term memory (LTM) are substantial and linked to other cognitive abilities. Understanding these variations requires combined experimental and correlational research approaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Individual differences in long-term memory (LTM) are a significant area of research.
  • Existing literature explores the factor structure of LTM abilities and specific task performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To organize and review the literature on individual differences in LTM.
  • To examine the factor structure of LTM abilities and their relation to other cognitive constructs.
  • To discuss future directions for LTM research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and organization.
  • Analysis of individual differences in criterial LTM tasks (e.g., free recall, recognition).
  • Examination of relationships between LTM and constructs like working memory, intelligence, and attention.

Main Results:

  • Individual differences in LTM are structured by lower-order factors based on tasks and a higher-order general LTM factor.
  • These differences are associated with working memory, intelligence, and attention control.
  • Variations in forgetting, retrieval, and strategy use are also evident.

Conclusions:

  • Substantial and robust individual differences exist in LTM abilities.
  • LTM abilities show important relationships with other cognitive abilities.
  • Combined experimental and correlational approaches are recommended for future research.