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Spelling in Children With Cochlear Implants: Evidence of Underlying Processing Differences.

Nicola Bell1, Anthony J Angwin1, Wayne J Wilson1

  • 1The University of Queensland.

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Summary

Children with cochlear implants (CIs) showed similar overall spelling accuracy to typically hearing peers. However, their spelling errors were less phonologically plausible, indicating less effective phonics application.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric audiology
  • Developmental psychology
  • Speech-language pathology

Background:

  • Children with cochlear implants (CIs) often face challenges in language and literacy development.
  • Understanding their spelling acquisition is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • Previous research highlights variability in phonological processing for CI users.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the spelling skills and strategies of young children with CIs using spoken language only to those of typically hearing (TH) children.
  • To investigate the phonological and orthographic underpinnings of spelling performance in both groups.

Main Methods:

  • Spelling accuracy was assessed using irregular and nonsense word stimuli in 14 children with CIs and 30 TH children.
  • Error and regression analyses examined phonological and orthographic spelling strategies.
  • The relationship between nonword spelling accuracy and letter-sound knowledge was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Children with CIs achieved comparable overall spelling accuracy to the TH group.
  • Misspellings by the CI group were less phonologically plausible than those of the TH group.
  • Letter-sound knowledge significantly predicted nonword spelling in the TH group, but not in the CI group.

Conclusions:

  • Despite similar overall spelling success, children with CIs demonstrated less effective application of phonics skills.
  • The findings suggest a potential gap in phonological processing or its application to spelling for children with CIs.
  • Further research should explore strategies to enhance phonics-based spelling in this population.