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Cranial and Spinal Meninges01:19

Cranial and Spinal Meninges

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The cranial and spinal meninges are complex protective structures surrounding the central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain and spinal cord. These meninges consist of the dura mater, the arachnoid mater, and the pia mater. They protect the CNS, provide structural support, and aid in circulating cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Cranial Meninges
These meningeal layers cover the cranium. The dura mater is the outermost layer of cranial meninges. It is a thick and durable membrane of dense...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice
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Rheumatoid meningitis sine arthritis.

Cathy Lee Ching1, Lawrence Kenyon2, Matthew Berk3

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Address: 211 South 9(th) Street, Walnut Towers Suite 210, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rheumatoid meningitis, a rare rheumatoid arthritis complication, can present without arthritis. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for managing neurological symptoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Rheumatoid meningitis is a rare but severe neurological complication of rheumatoid arthritis.
  • It typically occurs in patients with a known history of rheumatoid arthritis.

Observation:

  • A 70-year-old female presented with stroke-like symptoms, seizures, psychosis, and compulsive behavior.
  • Brain MRI revealed progressive interhemispheric meningeal thickening.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed mild lymphocytic pleocytosis, and high titers of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were detected.

Findings:

  • Brain biopsy confirmed necrotizing granulomas, indicative of rheumatoid meningitis.
  • The patient had no prior history of arthritis.
  • Symptoms resolved with glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide treatment.

Implications:

  • Rheumatoid meningitis should be considered in patients presenting with aseptic meningitis and neurological symptoms, even without a prior rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.
  • This case highlights the importance of a broad differential diagnosis in complex neurological presentations.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment can lead to symptom resolution and improved patient outcomes.