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Related Concept Videos

Classifying Matter by State02:49

Classifying Matter by State

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Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Matter is all around us; the air, water, soil, mountains, even our bodies are all examples of matter. Matter is divided into three states — solid, liquid, and gas — that are commonly found on earth. The fourth state of matter, plasma, occurs naturally in the interiors of stars. 
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Classifying Matter by Composition03:35

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Matter: Pure Substances and Mixtures
According to its composition, the matter can be classified into two broad categories — pure substances and mixtures. 
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The earliest recorded discussion of the basic structure of matter comes from ancient Greek philosophers. Leucippus and Democritus argued that all matter was composed of small, finite particles that they called atomos, meaning “indivisible.” Later, Aristotle and others came to the conclusion that matter consisted of various combinations of the four “elements” — fire, earth, air, and water — and could be infinitely divided. Interestingly, these philosophers...
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The substance of the universe—from a grain of sand to a star—is called matter. Scientists define matter as anything that occupies space and has mass. An object’s mass and its weight are related concepts, but not quite the same. An object’s mass is the amount of matter contained in the object and is the same whether that object is on Earth or in the zero-gravity environment of outer space. An object’s weight, on the other hand, is its mass as affected by the pull of...
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Solids, liquids, and gases are the three states of matter commonly found on Earth. A solid is rigid and possesses a definite shape. A liquid flows and takes the shape of its container, except it forms a flat or slightly curved upper surface when acted upon by gravity. Both liquid and solid samples have volumes nearly independent of pressure. A gas takes both the shape and volume of its container.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Versatile Murine Model of Subcortical White Matter Stroke for the Study of Axonal Degeneration and White Matter Neurobiology
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A matter of timing.

Michael W Perry1, Claude Desplan1

  • 1Department of Biology, New York University, New York, United States.

Elife
|January 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A developmental timing pathway interacts with sex determination to regulate sexually dimorphic neural development in C. elegans.

Keywords:
C. elegansgene regulationgeneticsneuronsneurosciencesexual differentiation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sexually dimorphic neural development is crucial for distinct male and female behaviors.
  • The precise timing of these developmental processes is not fully understood.
  • Genetic pathways controlling development and sex determination are key regulators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between developmental timing and sex determination pathways.
  • To elucidate how these pathways coordinate sexually dimorphic neural development in C. elegans.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genetic screens in C. elegans to identify key genes.
  • Employed molecular biology techniques to analyze gene interactions.
  • Performed neurodevelopmental assays to assess sexual dimorphism.

Main Results:

  • Identified a genetic pathway that governs developmental timing.
  • Demonstrated that this pathway collaborates with the sex-determination pathway.
  • Showed this collaboration controls the precise timing of sexually dimorphic neural development.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental timing and sex determination pathways are integrated.
  • This integration ensures accurate sexual differentiation of the nervous system.
  • Findings provide insights into the genetic control of neurodevelopmental timing.