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Oral tolerance:Recent advances on mechanisms and potential applications
Thaniya Sricharunrat1, Pornpan Pumirat2, Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong2
1Pathology Unit, Chulabhorn Hospital, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.
Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology
|January 2, 2019
Summary
Oral tolerance, a state of immune hypo-responsiveness, protects against food allergies and colitis. Understanding its mechanisms offers new therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases and allergies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Oral tolerance is an immune hypo-responsiveness to ingested antigens.
- It plays a crucial role in preventing food allergies and autoimmune conditions like colitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the immunological mechanisms underlying oral tolerance.
- To discuss the role of T cell cytokines, Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, and commensal microflora in oral tolerance.
- To explore the clinical applications of oral tolerance in human diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of immunological mechanisms.
- Analysis of the role of specific immune components (T cells, cytokines, lymphoid tissues).
- Discussion of the contribution of gut microbiota.
Main Results:
- Oral administration of antigens induces immune tolerance.
- Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, and commensal microflora are key regulators.
- T cell cytokines are critical in generating and maintaining tolerance.
Conclusions:
- Understanding oral tolerance mechanisms can lead to novel therapies.
- Potential applications include suppressing autoimmune diseases and allergies.
- Further research may unlock alternative treatment strategies for gut-related immune disorders.
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