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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential ERP Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Early cognitive processes in OCD: An ERP study.

Adi Dayan-Riva¹, Andrea Berger¹, Gideon Emanuel Anholt²

¹Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8410501, Israel; Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.

Journal of Affective Disorders

|January 2, 2019

Summary

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show altered early perceptual processing, particularly with neutral stimuli. This suggests cognitive differences may contribute to the initiation of compulsions in OCD.

Keywords:

ERP OCD P3 Valence

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Neuroimaging

Background:

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves intrusive thoughts and compulsions, significantly impairing quality of life.
Early information processing stages, including perception and attention, are crucial for understanding OCD's cognitive underpinnings.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate early information processing, specifically perceptual and attention orientation, in individuals with OCD.
To determine if altered cognitive processes precede response preparation in OCD.

Main Methods:

Utilized the P3 event-related potential (ERP) component to measure early visual stimulus perception.
Recorded ERPs during a passive visual oddball task with neutral and angry faces in 38 OCD patients and 38 healthy controls.

Main Results:

OCD participants exhibited significantly enhanced P3 amplitude in response to neutral stimuli.
Emotional valence (angry stimuli) normalized P3 amplitude differences between OCD patients and controls.
These findings highlight alterations in basic perceptual processing specific to OCD.

Conclusions:

The study supports the hypothesis of altered early perceptual processes in OCD.
These cognitive alterations are distinct from anxiety and depression symptoms.
Distracted primary cognitive processes in OCD may serve as a fundamental mechanism for compulsion initiation.