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Detecting Bladder Biomarkers for Closed-Loop Neuromodulation: A Technological Review.

Eunkyoung Park1, Jae-Woong Lee2, Minhee Kang1,2

  • 1Smart Healthcare & Device Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

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|January 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Neuromodulation offers a novel treatment for voiding dysfunction. A closed-loop system, unlike current open-loop methods, could improve efficacy and reduce side effects by monitoring patient state.

Keywords:
BiomarkersImplantable neurostimulatorsUrinary bladder diseasesVoiding dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neuromodulation is an established treatment for voiding dysfunction.
  • Current open-loop neuromodulation systems deliver continuous stimulation.
  • Open-loop systems face challenges like neural habituation, tissue damage, and limited battery life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the technological status of biomarker measurement for closed-loop neuromodulation.
  • To address the need for advanced neuromodulation systems for voiding dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current technologies for biomarker measurement.
  • Analysis of systems for monitoring micturition reflex pathways.

Main Results:

  • Open-loop systems have limitations impacting long-term efficacy and safety.
  • Closed-loop systems offer potential advantages by incorporating real-time patient monitoring.
  • Biomarker measurement is crucial for developing effective closed-loop systems.

Conclusions:

  • Closed-loop neuromodulation systems are needed to overcome open-loop limitations.
  • Further research into biomarker measurement is essential for advancing closed-loop neuromodulation.
  • This review highlights the technological landscape for improved voiding dysfunction treatment.