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Miniaturized high-frequency sine wave gating InGaAs/InP single-photon detector
Wen-Hao Jiang1, Xin-Jiang Gao2, Yu-Qiang Fang1
1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|January 3, 2019
Summary
We developed the most compact sine wave gating (SWG) InGaAs/InP single-photon detector (SPD) module, reducing its volume by 95% for quantum key distribution and integrated systems.
Area of Science:
- Optoelectronics
- Photonics
- Quantum Technologies
Background:
- High-frequency gating InGaAs/InP single-photon detectors (SPDs) are crucial for near-infrared single-photon detection in quantum key distribution.
- Miniaturization of SPDs is essential for practical applications and system integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop the most compact high-frequency sine wave gating (SWG) InGaAs/InP SPD module.
- To integrate a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) with a monolithic readout circuit into a compact module.
Main Methods:
- Designed and fabricated an InGaAs/InP SPAD with an optimized semiconductor structure.
- Encapsulated the SPAD and a mini-thermoelectric cooler in a compact butterfly package.
- Implemented a monolithic readout circuit for SWG SPD, replacing board-level electronics.
- Integrated SPAD, monolithic readout, and affiliated circuits into a single module.
Main Results:
- Achieved a 95% volume reduction compared to previous 1.25 GHz SWG InGaAs/InP SPD modules.
- Demonstrated excellent performance: 30% photon detection efficiency, 2.0 kcps dark count rate, and 8.8% afterpulse probability at 1.25 GHz gating.
- Confirmed high reliability through a one-week stability test.
Conclusions:
- Successfully developed a highly compact and reliable SWG InGaAs/InP SPD module.
- The miniaturized SPD module is suitable for advanced quantum communication and integrated photonic systems.
- This advancement facilitates broader adoption of single-photon detection technologies.
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