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Published on: January 8, 2014
Surveillance on susceptibility of strains isolated from pediatric infections
Hiroshi Sakata1, Akira Watanabe1, Satoshi Iwata1
1The Promotion Committee for Proper Use of Pediatric Quinolones of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, The Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and the Japanese Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract:
During the period from January to December 2015, 104 Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, 129 Haemophilus influenzae strains and 54 Moraxella catarrhalis strains isolated from clinical specimens of pediatric infections in the national 16 institutions, studied susceptibilities of total 28 antibiotics, the capsular serotype for S. pneumoniae, the capsular b type and β-lactamase production capability for H. influenzae, and the β-lactamase production capability for M. catarrhalis were measured. In S. pneumoniae, the results showed that 68 strains (65.4%) were PSSP, 32 (30.8%) were PISP, and 4 (3.8%) were PRSP. The susceptibilities of TBPM and GRNX among oral antibiotics, and PAPM among injectable antibiotics demonstrated the lowest value with MIC90 ≤ 0.06 μg/mL. The most frequent distribution of S. pneumoniae serotypes was seen in 15B, followed by 19A, and 35B. Serotype strains contained in 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) were 19 strains (18.3%). In H. influenzae, the results showed that BLNAS accounted for 40 strains (31.0%), BLNAI for 28 strains (21.7%), BLNAR for 47 strains (36.4%), β-lactamase producing for 14 strains (10.8%). The susceptibilities of quinolones demonstrated the lowest outcome among oral antibiotics with MIC90 ≤ 0.06 μg/mL, and CTRX and TAZ/PIPC (TAZ4 fixed) among injectable antibiotics with MIC of 0.25 μg/mL. There was no detection of capsular type b strains. In M. catarrhalis, all the isolates were β-lactamase producing strains. The susceptibilities of TBPM, CPFX, TFLX and GRNX among oral antibiotics, and TAZ/PIPC (TAZ4 fixed), PAPM, MEPM and DRPM among injectable antibiotics demonstrated the lowest outcome with MIC of ≤0.06 μg/mL.
Insights
This study analyzed antibiotic resistance in pediatric bacterial infections, finding varying susceptibility patterns for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. Key findings highlight specific antibiotics effective against these common pediatric pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Pediatric infections pose a significant public health challenge.
- Understanding the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common bacterial pathogens is crucial for effective treatment.
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are frequent causes of pediatric infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis isolated from pediatric infections.
- To determine the prevalence of specific serotypes and beta-lactamase production in these bacteria.
- To identify effective antibiotic options for treating pediatric bacterial infections caused by these pathogens.
Main Methods:
- Collected 104 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 129 Haemophilus influenzae, and 54 Moraxella catarrhalis strains from clinical specimens between January and December 2015.
- Assessed susceptibility to 28 antibiotics.
- Determined capsular serotypes for S. pneumoniae, capsular type b and beta-lactamase production for H. influenzae, and beta-lactamase production for M. catarrhalis.
Main Results:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae showed 65.4% penicillin-susceptible (PSSP), 30.8% penicillin-intermediate (PISP), and 3.8% penicillin-resistant (PRSP). Oral antibiotics TBPM and GRNX, and injectable PAPM showed lowest MIC90 (≤0.06 μg/mL). Serotypes 15B, 19A, and 35B were most frequent, with 18.3% covered by PCV13.
- Haemophilus influenzae exhibited 31.0% BLNAS, 21.7% BLNAI, 36.4% BLNAR, and 10.8% beta-lactamase producing strains. Quinolones (MIC90 ≤0.06 μg/mL), CTRX, and TAZ/PIPC (MIC 0.25 μg/mL) were most effective. No capsular type b strains were detected.
- Moraxella catarrhalis isolates were all beta-lactamase producing. Oral antibiotics TBPM, CPFX, TFLX, GRNX, and injectable antibiotics TAZ/PIPC, PAPM, MEPM, DRPM demonstrated lowest MIC (≤0.06 μg/mL).
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic susceptibility varies among S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis in pediatric infections.
- Specific antibiotics like TBPM, GRNX, PAPM, quinolones, CTRX, and TAZ/PIPC show promising efficacy.
- Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns is essential for guiding clinical practice in pediatric infectious diseases.
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