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Patterning the Axes: A Lesson from the Root
Riccardo Di Mambro1, Sabrina Sabatini2, Raffaele Dello Ioio3
1Department of Biology, University of Pisa, via L. Ghini, 13-56126 Pisa, Italy. riccardo.dimambro@unipi.it.
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How the body plan is established and maintained in multicellular organisms is a central question in developmental biology. Thanks to its simple and symmetric structure, the root represents a powerful tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the establishment and maintenance of developmental axes. Plant roots show two main axes along which cells pass through different developmental stages and acquire different fates: the root proximodistal axis spans longitudinally from the hypocotyl junction (proximal) to the root tip (distal), whereas the radial axis spans transversely from the vasculature tissue (centre) to the epidermis (outer). Both axes are generated by stereotypical divisions occurring during embryogenesis and are maintained post-embryonically. Here, we review the latest scientific advances on how the correct formation of root proximodistal and radial axes is achieved.
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