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Thin-film models for an active gel.

G Kitavtsev1, A Münch1, B Wagner2

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Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
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This study introduces a new thin-film model for active liquid crystals, extending previous theories to capture complex defect structures and dynamics in active polar gels and actin networks.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Active Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Theory

Background:

  • Active liquid crystals exhibit complex defect structures relevant to biological systems.
  • Existing models like Leslie-Erickson-Parodi theory have limitations in describing these phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a new free-boundary model for active liquid crystals based on Beris-Edwards theory.
  • To analyze defect structures and dynamics in active polar gels and thin films.
  • To extend the understanding of active matter systems, particularly actin networks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Beris-Edwards theory with a tensorial order parameter and active stress contributions.
  • Derived an Eriksen model for active polar gels with a scalar order parameter.
  • Applied asymptotic approximation for thin films with small aspect ratios.
  • Investigated defect dynamics in bulk and at walls.

Main Results:

  • Developed a novel thin-film model capturing bulk and wall defect dynamics.
  • The model extends previous theoretical frameworks for active liquid crystals.
  • Derived an explicit solution for an active gel in a channel, showing bidirectional flow.

Conclusions:

  • The new model provides a significant advancement in understanding active liquid crystal behavior.
  • It accurately describes defect structures and flow generation in active gels.
  • Offers insights into phenomena like ATP-driven motion in actin networks.