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Salinity-driven heterogeneity toward anammox distribution and growth kinetics
Zhuoying Wu1, Han Meng2, Xiaowu Huang1
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
|January 4, 2019
Summary
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria thrive in both freshwater and saline systems. Salinity influences the dominance of specific anammox bacteria, impacting nitrogen removal efficiency in wastewater treatment.
Area of Science:
- Environmental microbiology
- Wastewater treatment technologies
- Nitrogen cycling
Background:
- Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is crucial for biological nitrogen removal in freshwater.
- Anammox bacteria have potential applications in saline water systems.
- Understanding anammox bacteria in varying salinities is key for optimizing wastewater treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate anammox bacteria abundance and biodiversity in saline and freshwater sewage treatment plants (STPs).
- Determine the influence of salinity on anammox bacterial community structure.
- Evaluate salinity-induced kinetics of anammox processes using mathematical modeling.
Main Methods:
- Sampling and analysis of anammox bacteria 16S rRNA gene abundance in four full-scale STPs.
- Phylogenetic analysis to identify dominant anammox bacterial genera (Candidatus Scalindua, Brocadia, Kuenenia).
- Redundancy Discriminant Analysis (RDA) to correlate bacterial distribution with environmental conditions.
- Integration of Monod and Gauss models to evaluate salinity-driven kinetics.
Main Results:
- Anammox bacteria were abundant (10^5-10^7 copies/mL) in all tested STPs.
- Candidatus Scalindua dominated in saline STPs, while Candidatus Brocadia dominated in freshwater STPs.
- Salinity (over 3.0%) favored Candidatus Scalindua over Candidatus Kuenenia under high nitrite conditions.
- Candidatus Scalindua predominated across all salinities in nitrite-depleted conditions due to high nitrite affinity.
Conclusions:
- Salinity is a significant factor shaping anammox bacterial communities in wastewater treatment.
- Candidatus Scalindua is well-adapted to saline environments and can dominate under specific nitrite concentrations.
- The findings provide fundamental insights for extending anammox applications to saline wastewater treatment systems.
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