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Clinical target sequencing for precision medicine of breast cancer

Junko Tsuchida1, Jami Rothman2, Kerry-Ann McDonald2

  • 1Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.

International Journal of Clinical Oncology
|January 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Precision medicine customizes treatment using genetic profiles to improve therapy effectiveness and reduce side effects. Multigene panel testing and next-generation sequencing advance this approach, particularly in breast cancer care.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Personalized Medicine

Background:

  • Precision medicine tailors treatments to individual genetic profiles, optimizing therapy and minimizing adverse effects.
  • Breast cancer subtyping exemplifies precision medicine, with multigene panel testing revolutionizing its treatment.
  • The Human Genome Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas established the foundation for classifying cancer patients by actionable mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of precision medicine in cancer treatment, focusing on breast cancer.
  • To explain how advancements like next-generation sequencing enable personalized therapeutic strategies.
  • To underscore the importance of identifying actionable driver mutations for targeted therapies and resistance prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging knowledge from large-scale genomic projects like The Cancer Genome Atlas.
  • Utilizing multigene panel testing for comprehensive genetic profiling.
  • Applying next-generation sequencing (NGS) for clinical target sequencing.

Main Results:

  • NGS has significantly advanced genomic sequencing, identifying actionable driver mutations in individual cancer patients.
  • Precision medicine allows for sub-classification of cancers based on mutations amenable to targeted drugs.
  • Clinical target sequencing identifies patient subgroups likely to respond to specific drugs and predicts drug resistance.

Conclusions:

  • Precision medicine, driven by genomic insights and advanced sequencing technologies, is transforming cancer care.
  • Next-generation sequencing is crucial for implementing precision medicine in clinical settings.
  • Targeted therapies based on individual genetic profiles offer a more effective and safer approach to cancer treatment.
Keywords:
Breast cancerClinical target sequencingDrug resistanceNext-generation sequencingPrecision medicineTargeted therapy

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