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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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A Simple Bioassay for the Evaluation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Published on: March 15, 2016

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Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in cartilage tumors

E Kouvaras1, Z Christoni1, I Siasios1

  • 1a Department of Pathology , Medical School, University of Thessaly , Larisa , Greece.

Biotechnic & Histochemistry : Official Publication of the Biological Stain Commission
|January 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are key markers of malignancy in chondrosarcoma, correlating with tumor neo-angiogenesis and potentially guiding anti-angiogenic therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Neoangiogenesis is observed in chondrosarcoma, leading to clinical trials for anti-angiogenic therapies.
  • Previous mechanistic studies predominantly utilized cell lines, limiting in vivo understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and correlation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1-alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in chondrosarcoma and enchondroma.
  • To assess the potential of HIF-1-alpha as a marker for chondrosarcoma malignancy and its link to tumor neo-angiogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical staining of 20 chondrosarcoma and 20 enchondroma samples using antibodies against HIF-1-alpha and VEGF.
  • Correlation analysis of HIF-1-alpha and VEGF staining patterns between the two tissue types and across tumor grades.

Main Results:

  • HIF-1-alpha and VEGF expression were highly correlated in chondrosarcoma samples.
  • Enchondromas showed negative staining for both HIF-1-alpha and VEGF, while all chondrosarcomas were positive.
  • High tumor grade chondrosarcomas exclusively exhibited double positivity for HIF-1-alpha and VEGF.

Conclusions:

  • HIF-1-alpha serves as a marker of malignancy in chondrosarcoma, strongly correlating with tumor neo-angiogenesis.
  • A HIF-1-alpha/VEGF angiogenic pathway is suggested to be active in chondrosarcoma in vivo.
  • Targeting HIF-1-alpha and related factors may enhance the efficacy of anti-angiogenic treatments for chondrosarcoma.
Keywords:
ChondrosarcomaHIF-1-alphaenchondromahypoxiaimmunohistochemistrypathologyvascular endothelial growth factor

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