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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

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Molecular aberrations and signaling cascades implicated in the pathogenesis of anaplastic thyroid cancer

Shikha Saini1, Ajay V Maker2, Kenneth D Burman3

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois-College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Reviews on Cancer
|January 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) is aggressive and deadly. Understanding its genetic and molecular changes is key to developing new treatments for this challenging disease.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) causes over 40% of thyroid cancer deaths, with a poor prognosis.
  • Despite research, effective treatments for ATC remain elusive.
  • A deeper understanding of ATC's development is crucial for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation, pathology, and pathogenesis of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.
  • To explore the role of genetic aberrations and molecular signaling pathways in ATC development.
  • To identify potential new therapeutic targets for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of prevalent mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and gene fusions in ATC.
  • Examination of epigenetic alterations and signaling pathway dysregulations in ATC.

Main Results:

  • Genetic aberrations, including mutations, chromosomal abnormalities, and fusions, are prevalent in ATC.
  • Epigenetic alterations and dysregulated molecular signaling pathways contribute significantly to ATC pathogenesis.
  • These molecular features correlate with ATC's aggressive, de-differentiated, and drug-resistant phenotype.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the molecular underpinnings of ATC is vital for improving patient outcomes.
  • Identified genetic and molecular alterations offer potential targets for novel ATC therapeutics.
  • Further research into these pathways may lead to more effective treatment strategies for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.
Keywords:
Anaplastic thyroid cancerInhibitorsMutationsSignalingTherapeuticsTumor

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