Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.

Ionization Energy

Ionization Energy

The amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state is called its first ionization energy (IE1). The first ionization energy for an element, X, is the energy required to form a cation with 1+ charge:

Correlations

Correlations

Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Broadband Radiative Heat Transfer Suppression via Dispersion-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Enhancing the antenna radiation-bandwidth product with dual-tone temporal modulation.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Freeform Mode-Engineered Metasurfaces.

Nano letters·2026

Same author

Lasing-like dynamics with virtual gain driven by complex-frequency excitations.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

High-velocity laser Doppler vibrometry measurements on an aluminum nitride bimorph wedge resonator.

Communications engineering·2026

Same author

Dynamic tuning of Bloch modes in anisotropic phonon polaritonic crystals.

Light, science & applications·2026

Same journal

A native sulfur deposit in Gale crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same journal

Coordinated demise of harmful algal blooms.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same journal

Genetic effects put into context.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same journal

Bacteria share proteins to survive antibiotics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same journal

Impacts shaped Earth's first continents.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same journal

Erratum for the Report "Covalently bonded single-molecule junctions with stable and reversible photoswitched conductivity" by C. Jia <i>et al</i>.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

Exceptional points in optics and photonics.

Mohammad-Ali Miri^1,2,3, Andrea Alù^4,3,5,1

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 5, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Exceptional points, where system eigenvalues merge, are key in non-Hermitian photonics. Controlling gain and loss reveals exotic optical functions and enables ultrasensitive measurements.

More Related Videos

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Published on: February 13, 2021

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

Published on: November 16, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Spectral and Angle-Resolved Magneto-Optical Characterization of Photonic Nanostructures

Published on: November 21, 2019

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Transpupillary Two-Photon In Vivo Imaging of the Mouse Retina

Published on: February 13, 2021

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

High-Throughput Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence and Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Using a Photonic Chip

Published on: November 16, 2019

Area of Science:

* Physics
* Optics
* Quantum Mechanics

Background:

* Non-Hermitian systems, characterized by energy exchange with the environment, exhibit unique degeneracies called exceptional points.
* Parity-time (PT) symmetry in quantum mechanics allows Hamiltonians to have entirely real spectra, a concept gaining traction in photonics.
* Photonics offers a platform for non-Hermitian physics due to controllable optical gain and loss in nanoscale structures.

Purpose of the Study:

* To review the opportunities presented by exceptional point physics in photonics.
* To discuss recent theoretical and experimental advancements in photonic exceptional points.
* To examine future prospects of exceptional points in both fundamental science and applied technologies.

Main Methods:

* Theoretical exploration of non-Hermitian systems and exceptional points.
* Experimental investigation of photonic systems with controlled gain and loss.
* Analysis of eigenvalue spectra and system response near degeneracies.

Main Results:

* Exceptional points dramatically alter nanophotonic system responses, enabling exotic optical functionalities.
* These degeneracies lead to abrupt phase transitions in eigenvalue spectra.
* Applications include ultrasensitive measurements, advanced laser control, and topological energy transfer.

Conclusions:

* Exceptional point physics offers significant potential in photonics, driving innovation in optical functionalities.
* Recent research highlights the practical applications of non-Hermitian degeneracies in lasers and nonlinear optics.
* Future opportunities span from fundamental scientific discoveries to the development of novel applied technologies.