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Related Concept Videos

The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Procurement of Parathyroid Glands from Living Donor Pigs and Ex Vivo Identification
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Parathyroid Frozen Section Interpretation via Desktop Telepathology Systems: A Validation Study.

Edward Chandraratnam1, Leonardo D Santos2, Shaun Chou3

  • 1Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austpath Laboratories, Northmead, New South Wales, Australia.

Journal of Pathology Informatics
|January 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Telepathology systems for remote parathyroid frozen section diagnosis are accurate and reliable, comparable to direct microscopy. While taking longer, the Aperio LV1 system offers better user-friendliness and efficiency than MikroScan D2.

Keywords:
Frozen sectionsparathyroidectomytelepathologytime takenvalidation study

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Pathology Informatics
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Telepathology offers a viable alternative to on-site pathology services for remote hospitals.
  • This study aimed to validate small-footprint desktop telepathology systems for parathyroid frozen sections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of two telepathology systems (MikroScan D2 and Aperio LV1) for remote parathyroid frozen section analysis.
  • To compare telepathology system performance against in-house direct microscopy and evaluate inter- and intra-pathologist agreement.

Main Methods:

  • Three pathologists retrospectively reviewed 76 parathyroidectomy frozen sections from 52 patients using Aperio LV1 and MikroScan D2 in live-view mode, alongside direct microscopy.
  • Diagnostic accuracy was evaluated against the gold standard of final paraffin section diagnoses.
  • Analysis included concordance rates, inter- and intra-pathologist agreement (kappa values), and reporting time per slide.

Main Results:

  • Both telepathology systems demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (>99%) and concordance (>99%) with direct microscopy.
  • High inter-pathologist agreement was observed (kappa: 0.92 for Aperio LV1, 0.85 for MikroScan D2).
  • Aperio LV1 and MikroScan D2 reporting times were significantly longer than direct microscopy, but Aperio LV1 was faster than MikroScan D2 and rated as more user-friendly.

Conclusions:

  • Small-footprint desktop telepathology systems provide accurate and reliable diagnosis of parathyroidectomy frozen sections, comparable to direct microscopy.
  • Despite increased reporting times, telepathology remains within clinically acceptable limits.
  • The Aperio LV1 system is recommended over MikroScan D2 due to its superior user-friendliness and efficiency.