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Aging

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast

Published on: August 20, 2013

[Why and how do we age? - a single answer to the two questions.]

¹N.N.Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 68, Leningradskaya srt., Pesochnyi, St. Petersburg, 197758, Russian Federation;

Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi Gerontologii

|January 5, 2019

Summary

Aging arises from the inherent chemical properties of metabolites, leading to cumulative, detrimental effects on macromolecules. These "parametabolic" processes, not late-onset evolutionary byproducts, drive aging in biological systems.

Keywords:

aging evolution metabolism organic chemistry

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Last Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Continuous High-resolution Microscopic Observation of Replicative Aging in Budding Yeast

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Published on: August 20, 2013

Methods to Study Changes in Inherent Protein Aggregation with Age in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Published on: November 26, 2017

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Gerontology

Background:

Metabolic processes involve more than enzymatic reactions, including spontaneous covalent bonding of metabolites.
Gene effects can be antagonistically pleiotropic, with immediate benefits and cumulative long-term detriments.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a new framework for understanding aging based on the chemical properties of metabolites.
To re-evaluate the concept of antagonistically pleiotropic effects in the context of aging.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of metabolic pathways and chemical properties of metabolites.
Theoretical modeling of cumulative effects of spontaneous covalent bonding on macromolecules.

Main Results:

Metabolites possess inherent chemical properties enabling spontaneous covalent bond formation with macromolecules.
These spontaneous reactions lead to cumulative deleterious effects, termed 'parametabolic' effects, contributing to aging.
Aging is driven by these cumulative parametabolic effects, not solely by evolutionary programming or wear and tear.

Conclusions:

Aging is an intrinsic consequence of the physicochemical properties of metabolites within biological systems.
Parametabolic effects, arising from spontaneous metabolite-macromolecule interactions, are the primary drivers of aging.
This perspective reframes aging as a limitation imposed by chemical properties on evolutionary processes.