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Published on: May 2, 2025
The glycation products before and after therapy for acute and chronic pain
1Department of Normal, Pathological and Clinical Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic. richard.rokyta@lf3.cuni.cz.
Abstract:
Pain increased the number of free radicals in the body. Previously, we studied changes mainly in oxygen and nitroxide free radicals and described these changes relative to the lipids and saccharides. In this article we focus on changes relative to proteins. Assessment of AGE products (advanced glycation end-products) was carried out by measuring fluorescence. Patients were divided into two groups: 15 patients with acute pain and 17 patients with chronic pain. Acute pain was associated with a variety of surgical procedures and patients were examined before and after surgical procedures. The group of patients with chronic pain suffered from various types of chronic pain, but mainly back pain. In patients with acute pain, total protein (TP) decreased after surgery, as did the level of AGE and the AGE/TP ratio. Nonetheless, post-operative pain increased. In patients with chronic pain, neither total protein, AGE, or AGE/TP changed, despite significant pain relief being reported after treatment. Changes in proteins, as biochemical markers, before and after pain treatment did not show any significant changes. In patients with acute pain, the recorded changes only lasted for 3-5 days after the operation. While in chronic pain, there were no significant changes at all. The assumption that changes in proteins, as biomarkers, would have the same importance as changes in lipids and saccharides was not proven.
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Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Acute Pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is the inflammation of the back of the throat (pharynx), commonly resulting in a sore throat. It is a frequently encountered condition that prompts individuals to seek medical advice.
Classification
Acute pharyngitis can be categorized based on its underlying cause:

