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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Epitaxial Growth of Perovskite Strontium Titanate on Germanium via Atomic Layer Deposition
Published on: July 26, 2016
Diversity of TiO2: Controlling the Molecular and Electronic Structure of Atomic-Layer-Deposited Black TiO2
Abstract:
Visually black, electrically leaky, amorphous titania (am-TiO2) thin films were grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) for photocatalytic applications. Broad spectral absorbance in the visible range and exceptional conductivity are attributed to trapped Ti3+ in the film. Oxidation of Ti3+ upon heat treatment leads to a drop in conductivity, a color change from black to white, and crystallization of am-TiO2. ALD-grown black TiO2, without any heat treatment, is subject to dissolution in alkaline photoelectrochemical conditions. The best photocatalytic activity for solar water splitting is obtained for completely crystalline white TiO2.
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