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Accurate and Simple Measurement of the Pro-inflammatory Cytokine IL-1β using a Whole Blood Stimulation Assay
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Inflammatory Cytokine and Chemokine Patterns in Paediatric Patients with Suspected Serious Bacterial Infection

Linda Rautiainen1,2, Jana Pavare3, Ilze Grope4

  • 1Lapland Central Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Rovaniemi 96101, Finland. linda.rautiainen@lshp.fi.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|January 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Early inflammatory cytokine panels, including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), may help diagnose severe bacterial infections (SBI) in children admitted to the emergency department. This aids in identifying critical cases needing prompt treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Acute infections are a leading cause of pediatric emergency department visits.
  • Severe bacterial infections (SBI) in children carry significant mortality risk.
  • Accurate early diagnosis of SBI is crucial when clinical suspicion is high but admission is not warranted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of early inflammatory cytokine and chemokine panels in diagnosing SBI in hospitalized children.
  • To assess the potential of these panels in evaluating early therapeutic responses.
  • To improve diagnostic accuracy for febrile infections in pediatric emergency care.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 51 febrile children admitted to the emergency department was studied.
  • Patients were classified into SBI (n=21) and non-SBI (n=30) groups based on established diagnostic criteria.
  • Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels were measured from blood samples at admission and 24 hours.

Main Results:

  • Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and Eotaxin showed significant differences between SBI and non-SBI groups at admission.
  • Receiver operator characteristic analysis indicated an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.679 for G-CSF in predicting SBI.
  • Other tested cytokines and chemokines did not show statistically significant differences.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory cytokine profiles, particularly G-CSF, may offer valuable adjunctive information for the early diagnosis of SBI in children.
  • Further research can explore the integration of cytokine panels into diagnostic algorithms for febrile children.
  • Early cytokine analysis shows promise in enhancing the diagnostic capabilities in pediatric emergency settings.

Keywords:
childrencytokineinflammationserious bacterial infection

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