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In vitro efficiency of 16 different Ca(OH)2 based CO2 absorbent brands
Yan Jiang1, Mohammed K Bashraheel2, Hongliang Liu1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer hospital, Chongqing, China.
Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing
|January 6, 2019
Summary
This study compared 16 calcium hydroxide CO2 absorbents. Efficiency varied significantly based on shape, composition, and packaging, with cartridges outperforming granular forms for anesthesia gas management.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Chemical Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Direct comparisons of CO2 absorbents under identical clinical conditions are limited.
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) based absorbents are widely used in anesthesia.
- Variability in absorbent performance can impact patient safety and cost-effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively compare the CO2 absorption efficiency of 16 different Ca(OH)2 based absorbents.
- To identify factors influencing absorbent efficiency, including physical form, chemical composition, and packaging.
- To provide data for informed selection of CO2 absorbents in clinical practice.
Main Methods:
- Tested 16 Ca(OH)2 absorbents (loose fill and cartridge) under standardized low-flow anesthesia conditions.
- Measured time for inspired CO2 concentration (FICO2) to reach 0.5% at a flow rate of 160 mL/min.
- Normalized efficiency to minutes per 100 mL of absorbent and analyzed using ANOVA.
Main Results:
- Absorbent efficiency varied up to 100% on a volume basis, ranging from 50 to 100 min/100 mL.
- Efficiency correlated with NaOH content, with exceptions for specific cartridge designs.
- Cartridge-based absorbents with molded channels demonstrated superior efficiency compared to granular forms and other shapes.
Conclusions:
- Physical form (cartridge vs. granules), chemical composition (NaOH content), and macroscopic arrangement significantly impact CO2 absorbent efficiency.
- Specific cartridge designs, like SpiraLith Ca®, can outperform granular absorbents.
- This data allows for cost-effectiveness comparisons and informed selection of CO2 absorbents.
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