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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Expression of Transgenes in Native Bladder Urothelium Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transduction
Published on: October 6, 2022
HMGB1 expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Dinc Suren1, Hulya Tosun Yildirim, Irem Atalay
1Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Antalya.
Purpose:
HMGB1, the most important member of the high mobility group box protein family, is a nuclear protein with different functions in the cell; it has a role in cancer progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis development. We studied the expression of HMGB1 and whether it is a prognostic factor in urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB) or not.
Methods:
The study included 90 cases that were histopathologically diagnosed with UCB in the tissue samples obtained by transurethral resection (TUR). HMGB1 expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry.
Results:
A total of 90 patients, 80 (88.9%) male and 10 (11.1%) female, were enrolled in the study. The histopathological diagnosis was infiltrating urothelial carcinoma (IUC) in 63 (70.0%) and non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (NIPUC) in 27 (30.0%). When the NIPUC cases were grouped according to grade, 24 (88.9%) of the cases were low grade and 3 (11.1%) were high grade. HMGB1 expression was found positive in 51 (56.7%) and negative in 39 (43.3%) of the patients. HMGB1 expression was significantly higher in IUCs (p=0.046).
Conclusion:
The results of our study demonstrate that HMGB1 overexpression has a significant role in UCB progression and it corroborates the idea that it might be an important prognostic factor.
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