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Related Concept Videos

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The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
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Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the...
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Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Providing Meaningful Environmental Enrichment and Measuring Saliva Cortisol in Pigs Housed on Slatted Flooring
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Judgement bias testing in group-housed gestating sows.

K M Horback1, T D Parsons2

  • 1Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA.

Behavioural Processes
|January 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Assessing gestating sow welfare using a judgement bias task revealed that dominant sows were more likely to show positive bias. This highlights the complexity of evaluating psychological stressors in group-housed animals.

Keywords:
Affective stateAnimal welfareOperant conditioningSowSwine

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Welfare Science
  • Applied Ethology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Societal concerns drive shifts in gestating sow housing from individual stalls to group settings.
  • Current welfare assessments often overlook psychological stressors, focusing primarily on physical ailments.
  • Judgement bias tasks offer a method to evaluate an animal's subjective affective state for comprehensive welfare assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of assessing individual judgement bias in group-housed gestating sows.
  • To investigate the application of a spatial differentiation task for judgement bias assessment in sows.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-five group-housed gestating sows were trained on a spatial differentiation task.
  • Twenty-four sows met learning criteria for judgement bias testing across two replicates.
  • A linear mixed effects model analyzed the latency to approach ambiguous stimuli.

Main Results:

  • In replicate one, 60% of sows showed positive bias; in replicate two, 52% showed positive bias.
  • Feed rank significantly affected latency to approach ambiguous stimuli (p=0.002).
  • More dominant sows were more likely to exhibit a positive judgement bias.

Conclusions:

  • Judgement bias tasks can be applied to assess individual sows in group housing.
  • Dominance, indicated by feed rank, influences judgement bias outcomes in sows.
  • These findings underscore the intricate nature of interpreting judgement bias in group-housed gestating sows.