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Obsessive compulsive disorder with and without hoarding symptoms: Characterizing differences.

Yentl E Boerema1, Mijke M de Boer1, Anton J L M van Balkom1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, The Netherlands.

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|January 6, 2019
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Summary

This study found that hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to more severe autism symptoms and being less conscientious. Understanding these differences can help improve treatment for individuals with OCD and hoarding disorder.

Keywords:
Autism spectrum disordersHoarding behaviorLiving aloneOCD subtypesObsessive compulsive disorderPersonality traits

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Hoarding disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have overlapping symptoms, leading to diagnostic ambiguity.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated the distinct characteristics of individuals with comorbid OCD and hoarding tendencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differences between individuals with OCD and hoarding behaviors versus those with OCD without hoarding.
  • To identify specific characteristics associated with the OCD/hoarding group.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized baseline data from The Netherlands Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association (NOCDA) study.
  • Included 419 participants (18-79 years) meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for OCD.
  • Compared demographic, clinical, comorbidity, and personality trait data between OCD/hoarding and OCD/non-hoarding groups.

Main Results:

  • 14.3% of participants (n=58) were classified as OCD/hoarding.
  • OCD/hoarding was independently associated with increased autism symptom severity (p<.001), living without a partner (p<.05), and lower conscientiousness (p<.05).
  • No significant associations were found with childhood trauma, PTSD, or ADHD subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • Confirmed distinct characteristics between OCD/hoarding and OCD/non-hoarding individuals.
  • The strongest finding was the association between OCD/hoarding and greater autism symptom severity.
  • These findings enhance understanding of OCD with hoarding and may inform targeted treatment strategies.