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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
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Genomics02:02

Genomics

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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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Sample Preparation for Analysis: Advanced Techniques01:08

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Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Updated: Jan 31, 2026

Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'
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Isolation and Genome Analysis of Single Virions using 'Single Virus Genomics'

Published on: May 26, 2013

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Recent advances in functional genome analysis.

Roderic Guigo1, Michiel de Hoon2

  • 1Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

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|January 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Functional genomics uses advanced sequencing technologies to explore how genome instructions create biological traits. This review covers recent methods, their limits, and future directions in functional genomics research.

Keywords:
functional genomicsmassively paralel sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The Human Genome Project provided initial human genome sequences.
  • Functional genomics studies investigate the link between genome information and organism traits.
  • Advancements in sequencing and protocols have driven progress in understanding cellular functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent functional genomic methods.
  • To discuss the capabilities and limitations of current techniques.
  • To outline future research directions in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on functional genomics.
  • Analysis of massively parallel sequencing technologies.
  • Examination of diverse protocols for studying cellular behavior.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in functional genomics driven by sequencing technology.
  • Identification of current capabilities and limitations of various methods.
  • Emerging trends and future prospects in the field.

Conclusions:

  • Functional genomics is rapidly evolving due to technological innovation.
  • Understanding cellular mechanisms requires sophisticated genomic approaches.
  • Future research will likely focus on refining methods and expanding applications.